“a better substitute for competition would be cooperation”

I am so happy that you wrote this article. You are exactly right that perfect competition leads to zero profit- this is logic, and although it is unlikely to happen, it is fact. Currently, businesses are running a race to the bottom. If any company is going to survive (and in order for them all to thrive) we need to come up with a solution. The first step is acknowledging that industry-wide cooperation is necessary. The second is to implement an infrastructure the facilitates this cooperation. Blockchain technologies are a perfect answer to this problem. They are open, shared, transparent databases/ ledgers that allow collaboration without sharing “trade secrets” or other proprietary information. Thanks again for writing this!